Samples of Paraphrasing and Quoting

Paraphrasing

Prospective teachers must have adequate understanding of and confidence in various technologies, when and how to use them effectively for instructional purposes and how to assess their use (Dooling & Case, 1997). Teacher training institutions must ensure that language teachers are prepared to teach language with as many forms and uses of technology as possible (Machado, 1997). They must realize computer skills do not necessarily translate into effective integration of technology in the classroom. Pre-service teachers must have opportunities to practice planning and using technology in instruction (Jacobsen, Clifford & Friesen, 2002).

Note: Make sure you cite (follow the parentheses in read and italics) the author and the year of publication are each paraphrase. You can have more than one paraphrase in a paragrapph as long as it's relevant to your argument in that paragraph.

If it is by any chance, you paraphrase from an online source that does not have any author, date, year of publication or pages, please include the URL of the source in a parentheses after the paraphrase for example:

If teachers are not prepared to use these tools, ESL students will not be able to benefit from all technology can offer. (https://scrs-lhdn.digicert.com.my/)

Quoting

According to Kafka, "Teacher education in learning technologies is essential for teachers to realize technology's full potential in language learning and teaching" (Kafka, pg. 126).

NOte: Remember to include the author's name as well as page number after a quotation.